Everyone has their favorite occupation, and a considerable number of people take great care in caring for plants. How wonderful it is to observe the spitting of a seedling from a seed, to look after the period of active growth and, it is doubly pleasant to reap the rewards of a grateful green pet. But, for a good harvest, you need to make feeding and fertilizer, including foliar.
Rules for caring for plants always include:
- loosening the soil;
- watering;
- fertilization;
- weeding;
- pest protection and treatment;
- pruning or staving;
- preparing plants for winter
You can fertilize in several ways:
- The main method involves fertilizing into the soil before planting plants.
- Seeding method is performed at the time of planting seeds.
- Top dressing is the introduction of nutrients in the period of life. Top dressing can be root, extra root (leaf), inter-row and way of fertigation.
Table of contents
What is foliar top dressing
Foliar top dressing is an additional method of introducing nutrients dissolved in water by spraying on the ground part, bypassing the roots.
The ideal way to quickly make food in small doses, with a visual reaction of the plant.
When is she needed
The main incentives for the decision on foliar feeding:
- modernizing fertilizer application methods;
- due to low temperatures, salinity, underdevelopment of the root system, plant do not receive batteries from the soil, which leads to a deficiency of nutrients, and leaf supplements will provide essential trace elements in the shortest possible time and in full;
- powerful root stimulationbecause the leaf nourishes the root, increasing the capacity of the reinforced root to absorb food from the soil;
- increasing the intensity of photosynthesis;
- fertilizing, following the stages of plant development, for example, at the time of the extinction of the activity of the root system;
- bush height does not allow interrow introduction fertilizers;
- combining foliar application with pesticide treatment, before this, carefully reviewing the compatibility tables, so as not to cause new compounds;
- saving of batteries due to local introduction
For the complete assimilation of food by a leaf, it is generally accepted to highlight strict rules:
- Fertilize at the time of the best development of the vegetative apparatus of the bush.
- The solution should fall on the top and bottom of the leaf and on the stems;
- It is necessary to spray the solution in the dark or on a cloudy dayas the sun dries the solution before the plant absorbs it;
- Ambient temperature not higher than 20 degrees.
- Must be windless not rainy weather.
What fertilizers are most suitable
It is important to know, in the implementation of leaf nutrition, the principles of absorption of certain elements.
Nitrogen fertilizers
Lack of nitrogen during the growing season dramatically reduces yield, as well as the quality and protein content. Nitrogen fertilizer is better to spray on the sheet in early spring in order to improve photosynthesis activity, growth rate, tillering and development of reproductive organs.
Late leaf feeding does not affect the yield, but significantly increases the quality protein content in fruits.
Potash phosphate
Potash and phosphate-potash fertilizers, contribute to accelerated fruit ripening, at the same time increase of the qualitative characteristic of a harvest is noted.
It is important to remember that potassium insufficiently and slowly absorbed through foliage, potassium ions are very large and difficult for them to pass through the leaf cuticle. It is advisable to make potassium in dry weather, to maintain the elasticity of the sheet.
Magnesium and trace elements
- Magnesium has excellent characteristics by absorbing sheetIt is applied simultaneously with urea in the form of magnesium sulphate.
- Biostimulants based on algae.
- Trace elements are introduced in the form of chelates - complex organic compounds, characterized by a developed organometallic complex, in which the chiliating agent effectively keeps the metal ion in a soluble state until it enters the plants. The introduction of trace elements in the form of organic salts is considered ineffective due to the fact that fertilizers are not absorbed, toxicity, the formation of new compounds in the soil and the plant, burns at the point of contact.
How to cook foliar feeding in the country
To increase the yield of apples, it is necessary to carry out sheet meals three times. carbamide (synthetic urea). In the spring, while the leaves are still tender, apply 0,3% (three grams of urea per liter of water) solution, and in summer and autumn 0,5% (5 grams of urea per liter of water).
If there was a long and cold spring, before the plant blooms, it is urgent to feed it with the following composition:
Ammonium nitrate (amount of nitrogen 46%) - 20.0 g. dissolved in two liters of water, added potassium chloride - 20.0 gr. and copper sulfate - 1.0 gr.,
dissolved in 3 liters is added to this mixture superphosphate - 200 gr. The mixture is filtered if a precipitate is formed and the plants are treated with the solution obtained.
Garden processing technology
First feeding
Before the plant blooms, it is urgently necessary to feed it with the following composition:
- Double granular superphosphate (increased phosphorus content, and good solubility) - 200.0 g., dissolved in 3 liters of water during the day in a plastic container;
- Ammonium nitrate (amount of nitrogen 46%) - 20.0 g. dissolved in two liters of water, added potassium chloride - 20.0 gr. and copper sulfate - 10.0 gr., boric acid 1 gr., potassium sulphurous - 80 gr.
- Acidity is neutralized with a solution the lime.
- Both mixes are mixed and 5 liters of water is poured.
The introduction of such a solution in the spring guarantees yield increase by 20%. At the time of flowering plants do not feed.
The second
After plants bloomed, should hold a second bait:
- Double granular superphosphate (increased phosphorus content, and good solubility) - 200.0 g., dissolved in 3 liters of water during the day in a plastic container;
- Ammonium Sulphate - 50.0 gr. dissolved in two liters of water, added potassium sulphurous - 100 gr. Both mixtures are mixed, the acidity is neutralized with a solution soda, and pours 5 liters of water.
Third
Before harvesting recommends a third dressing:
Double granular superphosphate (increased phosphorus content, and good solubility) - 400.0 g., dissolved in 3 liters of water during the day in a plastic container. 4 glasses wood ash insist day in three liters of water, mixed with dissolved superphosphate, neutralize the acidity of the food solution soda, add 5 liters of water.
Such a fertilizer improves the taste of the fruit, improves their duration of preservation during long storage and transportation.
When applying foliar nutrition, it must be remembered that in no way this method replaces the standard fertilizer application methods, but serves as an additional source that increases productivity, plant vital functions, taste and fruit preservation.
Carefully distribute the fertilizer applied on the surface of the ground part, if you skip the lower elements, the quality of the spray will fall.
Be attentive to the stages of development, the erroneous application of fertilizer leads to the non-receipt of the necessary fertilizers, and an overabundance to the lack of harvest and the development of tops.