Forest beauty is an autumn pear variety. This variety of pears is very popular among Russian gardeners, due to its high yield. Homeland pears varieties Forest Beauty is Belgium. On the basis of this variety, more than six dozen varieties of pear varieties were created. They were created for a specific region and by their characteristics are significantly superior to the original variety.
Table of contents
Description and characteristics of the pear variety Forest beauty
We begin as always with the description of the tree and fruit. Trees of Forest Beauties have medium or high dimensions. The first ten years the plant grows vigorously, then growth slows down. The crown is a wide-pyramidal shape. The branches hang down slightly. With a large load, they can fall almost to the ground. This makes harvesting easier, but there is a risk of breaking branches. To avoid this, the branches must be tied up.
The plant is characterized by medium foliage. The flowers are small, pinkish, resistant to temperature extremes. This is a frost-resistant culture.
Forest Beauty pear fruits have a slightly elongated, ovoid shape of medium size, weighing from 150 to 300 grams. Their skin is thin, but rather dense. To the touch it is slightly rough. The mature fruit has a golden yellow color, in places that were located under the sunlight, there is a pink blush. The flesh of the pear is tender, juicy, yellowish-white, sweet-sour to the taste.
When they are not collected in time, pears can quickly overripe and rot. In this connection, it is advisable to start the harvest in advance, 9 or 10 days before the fruit ripens. This period falls on the end of August, about 20 - 30 number. After removal from the tree, the pears are kept in safe form for no more than three weeks.
The advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The grade of pears the Forest beauty differs in unpretentiousness. What is one of its main advantages. Trees can grow in both dry and wet soil. But the pear characteristics of this species show their best characteristics when it grows in nutritious and loose soils.
The advantages of this class include:
- durability of trees;
- frost resistance;
- heat and drought resistance;
- high yield;
- juiciness of fruits.
In addition to the advantages, this variety has some disadvantages. One of the main disadvantages is the poor resistance of the plant to some diseases, in particular - scab of fruits and leaves. Somewhat inconvenient is the fact that the fruits on the tree very quickly overripe. The harvest of fresh fruit is stored for a short time.
Planting pear
For variety Russian beauty preferred chernozem loose soil. It should be noted that this plant feels good on other soils, except clay soils.
It is very important to take care of the lighting, it should be enough.
Planting seedlings is recommended in early April, before the leaves appear. In central Russia, seedlings are planted in the fall, the most suitable month is October, because at this time the earth contains a sufficient amount of moisture. This fact will well affect the development of the root system.
The procedure for planting pear trees includes the following steps:
- dig a hole one meter deep and 70 cm wide;
- Mix the soil from the pit with fertilizers: 2 buckets of sand with compost, 3 tablespoons of potassium sulfate;
- the mixture is placed in a pit and form a mound;
- prepare a solution of 10 liters of water and two glasses of hydrated lime, pour into the landing hole;
- water;
- planting seedlings carried out in 10 days;
- seedlings before planting placed in water for 2 hours;
- tree sown in the hole, its roots spread over the mound;
- cover the ground so that the root neck is above the ground at a distance of 5 cm;
- compact the soil;
- grind the soil using peat and humus.
Plant care
Watering
Forest beauty - heat-resistant variety. But this does not mean that the trees do not need to be watered. The most suitable method of irrigation is the method of sprinkling. If such a procedure fails, Irrigation is as follows:
- form a groove around the tree at a distance of 20-30 cm from the trunk;
- pour water into the groove (50 liters per tree).
Pruning
In order to save the pear from the defeat of diseases and pests, it is necessary to carry out pruning. In addition, it will help increase yields. Pruning is carried out in early spring and in autumn.
Pruning is carried out several times:
- In the first year after planting seedlings. Pruning is done at a distance of half a meter from the ground.
- In the second year after planting, only the four strongest branches are left. Thus form the skeleton of a tree.
- In subsequent years, cut the skeletal branches of one quarter.
In addition, all dry, excessively long, broken, defective branches are subject to removal.
Preparing for the winter
To the plant was ready for winter, you need to hold some activities. The first mulch pristvolnuyu area. This procedure is performed using sawdust, humus, peat.
Young trees should be prepared more carefully, you need to warm the trunk. For this useful straw, leaves, paper.
On the eve of frost, you can whitewash the trunk, and young trees can be covered with a solution completely. To prepare a solution for 10 liters of water take 2 kg of lime and a half kilogram of clay.
Top dressing
For the first time, the top dressing that was laid in the hole during planting will be enough for the plant. After three years will require additional feeding.
Mineral fertilizers are applied every year, and organic fertilizers are much less common - once every three years in the autumn period. It will take from 5 to 7 kg of humus under one tree.
Feeding procedure:
- During the flowering period - carbamide.
- After flowering - a solution of nitroammofoski.
- The end of June, the plant will need fertilizers, which include potassium and phosphorus.
- In the autumn period to a depth of 10 cm make 150 grams of wood ash per 1 square meter.
Harvesting
Fruits of the Forest Beauty variety cannot be stored fresh for a long time. Therefore, the harvest is carried out before the pears are fully ripe.
Finally, pears ripen by the end of August. They will have to be removed before this deadline. For storage, you can use trellised containers. Her sides will need to pave the paper. Fruits are placed in a container with stem up. One row should not come into contact with another, for this, each row is laid with paper. A container with a crop is placed in a cool room, the humidity of the air should be no higher than 90%.
From pears of this grade do preparations for the winter: jams, jam, compotes.
Diseases and pests
Forest beauty has gained popularity among gardeners, thanks to its resistance to disease. It almost does not start pests.
Scab on the leaves of the Forest Beauty - A special kind of fungus. For a long time, the fungus does not manifest itself, and when the leaves begin to cover black spots, the disease will already develop to the point that it begins to destroy the organic fibers of the foliage. In a matter of time, the entire crown of the pear tree will be covered with scab.
Young plants are most susceptible to scab, while adults can resist this ailment.
It is difficult to treat the affected plant, so it is advisable to take preventive measures.
Prevention measures for scab:
- Every year to produce pruning crown, to penetrate the foliage of sunlight.
- In the fall, the fallen leaves are picked and buried.
- Trim affected shoots.
- Spraying the plant Bordeaux liquid.
It is important to carry out prevention from other diseases and insects. In order to protect the plant from fruit rot, chorus or speed is useful. Processing of these drugs produced during the blooming of the kidneys or at the end of flowering. During the summer, carry out prevention of moths. Processing is performed with acrata, match. From pear moth helps treatment chlorophos.
Timely processing will protect the plant from diseases and harmful insects and ensure good yield.
The variety of pears Forest Beauty is very popular among gardeners. Pear trees of this variety are frost-resistant and unpretentious in their care, and the fruits have a unique juicy taste and aroma.